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Moghal Mahmood

Moghal Mahmood was a quietly influential twentieth-century writer whose life and work captured the fading world of North Indian Indo-Islamic aristocratic culture from within. Emerging more fully into view through her niece Sara Rai’s memoir ‘Raw Umber: A...

Zahra Rai

Zahra Rai (1917–1993) represents a significant yet under-recognised voice in twentieth-century Indian literature. Distinguished by her unique position as an aristocratic Shia Muslim woman from Banaras (Varanasi), she composed short stories in Hindi despite Urdu...