by Mathias
Hariyadi
Fancy perms and photo albums made before marriage are ‘haram’, i.e. contrary
to Islamic religion and morality. Two East Java educational institutions issue
the ruling in order to preserve the “purity” of customs. Indonesia’s Ulema
Council describes the fatwa as “exaggerated”.
Jakarta (AsiaNews) – Wearing elaborate hairdos and being
photographed before one’s wedding are haram, against the Islamic religion
and morality. Two all-female educational institutions (pesantren) issued
a fatwa to that effect. In doing so, they add more fuel to an already heated
debate over bans. In fact, a ban has been imposed on smoking in public places
and on women wearing tight jeans or travelling on motorbikes.
The controversial ruling on women’s hairdos comes from the All-Girl Islamic Educational Institutions Forum of East Java Province. Fussing over one’s hair, getting a perm, having one’s hair curled too much or coloured are deemed “morally illicit” and contrary to the principles of Islam.
Premarital photos are also condemned as haram because they favour “extra-marital relations”, and give photographs the opportunity to retouch female bodies to show them in storefronts in order to “attract new customers”.
The fatwa was issued during 12th Female Bahtsul Masail Forum held at the Lirboyo pesantren in Kediri (East Java). Its purpose, activists believe, is to preserve the “purity” of marriage between bride and groom by helping them avoid morally unacceptable behaviour.
Iswatun Hasanah, who chairs the forum, said that the ruling was “to prevent extra-marital relations” before the marriage, and applies to bride and groom, photographers, clothes designers and make-up artists. Physical contacts during photo shoots, kissing on the lips, walking hand in hand are unacceptable behaviours because” the people involved “are not yet married.”
Photographers are guilty of accentuating the “sensuality” of their subjects and of manipulating the pictures shown in public in order to attract new customers.
In the last few years, thousands of couples have had photo albums about themselves made and handed them out to family and friends on their wedding day. This has generated business worth millions of rupees and attracted a growing number of customers.
Indonesia’s Ulema Council (MIU) has reacted to the fatwa by downplaying the whole matter.
MUI leader Cholil Ridwan said that the fatwa against hairdos is exaggerated, especially since it is addressed to women who do not wear the jilbab or Islamic headscarf.
MUSLIM WOMEN REJECT THE FATWA
Muslim women in Surabaya, East Java, have flatly rejected a fatwa recently issued by local clerics, who said women changing the color and form of their hair using the rebonding technique is forbidden under Islam.
“Hair coloring and straightening are just a matter of fashion, and have nothing to do with one’s level faith,” university student Ulfa Damayanti, 19, told The Jakarta Post on the weekend, after undergoing a rebonding treatment at a stylist in Surabaya.
Ulfa said she would continue visiting the hair stylist every three months, to have her hair done, something she has been doing for the last five years.
Ulfa had her parents’ permision to have her hair cut, she said.
Last week, a problem-solving forum of leaders of Islamic boarding schools for female students, from across Java and Madura islands, issued an edict stating it is haram for Muslim women to color and change the form of their hair.
During the meeting, held Thursday at Lirboyo Islamic boarding school in Kediri, East Java, the clerics argued that hair straightening could invite immoral acts if the intention was only to change physical appearance.
The forum also banned women from working as ojek (motorcycle taxi) drivers or from using ojek services to go to certain places or to pass quiet areas because it could incite immoral acts.
Riding on an ojek could bring women into contact with the male ojek drivers’ skin, and expose aurat (parts of the body that must not be exposed).
Ulfa said rebonding had nothing to do with the causes and effects of immoral acts.
Citing an example she pointed to rape cases allegedly committed by Muslim teacher As’ad Syukur Fauzanni of Kedung Rukem, Surabaya, involving 17 of his own female students in 2008.
“Even a few months ago, a santri [Islamic boarding school student] in Surabaya raped his fellow female santri at an Islamic boarding school. This means immoral acts can just occur anywhere,” Ulfa said.
Separately, housewife Ida Ayu Rohmana, 34, voiced a similar objection.
“I’m also an obedient Muslim, but I’m proud to know a woman who works as an ojek driver. I see it as proof that today’s women are much more capable of doing manly jobs,” she said.
“If ulema ban women from working as ojek drivers and then the women have to earn a living by working as prostitutes or by stealing, what will they say?” Ida asked.
Ida, who goes to the market to shop everyday on an ojek also said she would continue using this form of transport since she considered it safer than riding a motorcycle on her own. “I’m afraid of being robbed if I take a motorcycle on my own. Once a woman was murdered like that.”
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